Single phase induction motor 1introduction the singlephase induction machine is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth. In an induction motor, the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained via electromagnetic induction from the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding. Jun 01, 2018 slip in induction motor is the relative speed between the rotating magnetic flux and rotor expressed in terms of per unit synchronous speed. Induction motor testing and evaluation summary as energy costs rise, more emphasis is being placed on determining the health of large inductive motors. Squirrel cage wound rotor with slip rings the rotating magnetic field the basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. If the induction motor is viewed as a type of transformer, it becomes easy to understand. How an induction motor works by equations and physics introduction. The value of slip in induction motor is can never be zero. The block uses the threephase input voltages to regulate the individual phase currents, allowing control of the motor torque or speed. Starting method for induction motors a 3phase induction motor is theoretically self starting. Torque versus slip speed of an induction motor with constant stator flux both open and closedloopcontrol of the speed of an ac induction motor can be implemented based on. Typically, they consist of 1 a stator with laminations and turns of copper wire and 2 a rotor, constructed of steel laminations with large slots on the periphery, stacked together to form a squirrel cage rotor.
You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance using a dmm. This article decribes the efficiency and the usage of induction motor for energy conservation. An induction motor can be defined as the ac electric motor device in which a power source fed by the alternating current with the help of a primary winding. Draw the approximate equivalent circuit for the motor lockrotor noload dc test v line 36. There are many different ways to design and control such motors, from low cost with a singlephase input to high accuracy with a polyphase approach. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. Numerous applications of lims can be found in industry today, one of the most interesting being high speed magnetic levitation railway systems.
Induction motor basics, single phase and three phase. Determine the motor parameters and the total core, friction and windage losses. A motor of this type may have either a constantspeed see mg11. Sensorless field oriented control sfoc of induction motor im drives estimate the mechanical position of the rotor and the field orientation by means of the motor voltage and current measures. Induction motor drives with closedloop control are used in similar applications to d. Class b squirrelcage induction motor characterized by normal. That is why such motors are known as induction motors. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. Class a squirrelcage induction motor characterized by normal starting torque, high starting current, low operating slip, low rotor impedance, good operating characteristics at the expense of high starting current, common applications include fans, blowers, and pumps. Induction motor an induction or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque and this torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. The squirrel cage induction motor was designed for an extended service life under very demanding conditions. Free download induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. Sizes vary from fractional horsepower to several thousand horsepower used for such applications as dieselelectric locomotives.
These drives are also particularly suited to applications that must operate at very high speeds with a high level of field weakening, for example spindle motors. It is logical that the least expensive, lowest maintenance type motor should be used most often. By default, the block sets the simulation type parameter to continuous to use a continuous sample time during simulation. It is logical that the least expensive, lowest maintenance type. When the windings in the stator are energized it induces current in the windings in the rotor this invisible force is call induction, learn about the concept of induction here. Induction motor theory jerry bednarczyk, pe course content introduction the ac induction motor is well suited to applications requiring constant speed operation.
Therefore stop the induction motor once, change the wire connections and make a reverse run. The stator of an induction motor consists of 3phase windings, which when connected to a 3phase supply creates a rotating magnetic field. A linear induction motor lim is a specific type of alternating current ac, multiplephase machine that provides force and movement in a linear direction. The voltage and current is induced in the rotor circuit from the stator circuit for the operation. A motor with only armortisseur windings is called an induction motor. Speed control of induction motor detailed explanation. Generally, induction motors are categorized based on the number of stator windings. Induction motors constant frequency constant voltage variable frequency variable voltage. The purpose is to introduce in a concise manner the fundamental theory, main results, and practical applications of motor signature analysis for the detection and the localization of abnormal electrical and mechanical conditions that indicate, or. An ac induction motor is one of the simplest and most reliable types of electric ac motor, with the power ranging from a few watts to many kilowatts. A 3 phase induction motor can be used for different applications with various speed and load requirements.
Singlephase induction motor threephase induction motor singlephase induction motor there are probably more singlephase ac induction motors in use today than the total of all the other types put together. Record all nameplate information for the induction motor. The induction motor cannot make a quickreversal run because of the torque acting in the opposite 5hp induction motor is dissipated as losses. The induction motor block implements a threephase induction motor.
The induction motor is made up of the stator, or stationary windings, and the rotor. However, should the motor require service, this manual includes a section that assists the. The locked rotor test is made at 15 hz to minimize the errors due to saturation and skin effects. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrel cage type. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust.
Induction motor works on the principle of induction where electromagnetic field is induced into the rotor when rotating magnetic field of stator cuts the. Free online electrician practice test questions on induction motor theory quiz leave a reply cancel reply. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. This induces an electric field in a coil or squirrel cage to drive a rotor. Generally, it is known as the asynchronous motor because its running speed is less than its synchronous speed. As we know the speed of induction motor, torque of induction motor, so, the speed of induction motor can be changed by changing synchronous speed or by changing the slip of induction motor and then parameter r2 and x2 are changed then torque remain constant and change in slip is affected in speed control. The motor is mounted in a test rig that allows one to control the torque applied to the motor shaft and to measure both rpm and torque. Induction motors product typical view ip55 ic411, ic416 tefc ip22ic01, ic06 ip24wic01, ic06 dp, wp. Toshiba mitsubishielectric industrial systems corporation tmeic. Three phase induction motor model design and performance analysis in ansys rmxprt. Induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report study mafia. Introduction this manual provides information on how to safely install, couple to the driven equipment, and maintain the toshiba squirrel cage mediumvoltage induction motor.
How an induction motor works by equations and physics. The difference in speed between rotor, the synchronous speed and the rotating. Induction motor definition, a type of electric motor in which alternating current from a power source is fed through a primary winding and induces a current in a secondary winding, with the parts arranged so that the resulting magnetic field causes a movable rotor to rotate with respect to a fixed stator. This will link and cut the rotor conductors which in turn will induce a current in the rotor conductors and. The purpose is to introduce in a concise manner the fundamental theory, main results, and practical applications of motor signature analysis for the detection and the localization of abnormal electrical. Induction motors are the commonest type of motor and account for a very large proportion of heavy duty motors. Induction motor totallyenclosed fancooled nema standard epact three phase induction motors sdesign versatility teco totally enclosed fan cooled squirrelcage induction motors are designed, manufactured and tested to meet or exceed the latest nema, ieee, csa and. In fact, an induction motor can be treated as a rotating transformer i. Horizontal squirrel cage mediumvoltage induction motor. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. As the torque at zero rotor speed is nonzero, the induction motor is selfstarting. Single phase induction motor the singlephase induction machine is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth. A 3phase induction motor uses current delivered in three phases in a sequence into the coils of a stator to create a rotating magnetic field. Induction motor theory quiz electrician practice tests.
The torque produced by the induction motor is directly proportional to induction motor slip. An electrical motor is a device that has brought about one of the biggest advancements in the fields of engineering and technology ever since the invention. The induction motor has two sets of windings copper or aluminum wire coiled to form electromagnets. An induction motor is based on the principle of induction of voltages and currents. Join researchgate to discover and stay uptodate with the latest. Motor current monitoring and analysis mcsa is a straight forward tool to diagnosing problems with large inductive motors. The induction motor cannot make a quickreversal run because of the torque acting in the opposite direction. The value of slip in induction motor at full load varies from about 6% for small motors to about 2% for large motors. Slip of induction motor plays an important role in the operation of the induction motor. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. Because it is a capacitortype induction motor, it has a high power factor and runs with a low noise level caution. In general, the induction motor is cheaper and easier to maintain compared to other alternatives. Motor speed relationship the synchronous speed of an ac motor is the speed of the rotating magnetic field set up by the stator winding synchronous speed rpm 120 x frequency divided by the number of poles. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type.
The singlephase motor stator has a laminated iron core with two windings arranged perpendicularly. Woundrotor induction motor the magnetizing branch can not be neglected i0 may be 40% of ip due to the air gap for motors greater than 2 hp, the magnetization branch can be shifted to the input terminals for a motor running at a slip s, the rotor speed is ns1s this will modify the values of e1, i1, e2 and i2. The squirrel cage induction motor was designed for an extended service life under very demanding. An induction motor is the most modest electrical machine from constructional point of view, in the majority of the cases. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. Sizes vary from fractional horsepower to several thousand horsepower used for such appli. In case of inverterfed motor, performance data is based on sine wave tests. Slip in induction motor is the relative speed between the rotating magnetic flux and rotor expressed in terms of per unit synchronous speed. Physical layout of induction motor in an induction motor induction refers the field in the rotor is induced by the stator currents and asynchronous refers that the rotor speed is not equal to the stator speed. A repulsion induction motor is a form of repulsion motor that has a squirrelcage winding in the rotor in addition to the repulsion motor winding. The rotor of an induction motor can be a squirrel cage rotor or wound. Induction motor maintenance february 17, 2019 february 24, 2012 by electrical4u maintenance as the name suggests it is the action necessary for retaining or restoring a piece of equipment or machine to the specified operable condition to achieve its maximum useful life.
1300 89 1063 1330 918 1353 372 797 1225 1501 74 131 1293 678 947 205 1266 1503 922 174 747 709 1013 253 551 1474 606 1441 1047 67 439 459 877 219 7 986 246 544 509 1043